People who contributed to reform in Tennessee and American society

 Samuel Gompers
  • born on January 26, 1850
  • parents were poor immigrant Jews from Holland
  • became a cigar maker
  • family emigrated to America in 1863 - made cigars in New York
  • By 1885 elected president of Cigar Makers Union Local 144
  • After World War I attended the Versailles Treaty negotiations, where he was instrumental in the creation of the International Labor Organization (ILO) under the League of Nations.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Jane Addams
  • Born in Cedarville, Illinois on September 6, 1860
  • founded the Hull-House in Chicago in 1889
    • provided services for the neighborhood

      • kindergarten and daycare facilities for children of working mothers
      • an employment bureau
      • an art gallery
      • libraries
      • music and art classes
  • Hull-House  started several reform movements
    • Immigrants' Protective League
    • The Juvenile Protective Association, the first juvenile court in the nation
    • a Juvenile Psychopathic Clinic (later called the Institute for Juvenile Research).
  • With Federal Children's Bureau in 1912 and the passage of a federal child labor law in 1916, the Hull-House reformers saw their efforts expanded to the national level.
  • in 1931 first American Woman to receive the Nobel Peace Prize
Martin Luther King, Jr.
  • January 15, 1929-April 4, 1968
  • In 1954 became pastor of the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery, Alabama
  • executive committee of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
  • in December 1955 became leader in first great Negro nonviolent demonstration, the bus boycott - lasted 382 days.
  • 1957 elected president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference
  • between 1957 and 1968, King traveled over six million miles and spoke over 2500 times
  • wrote five books as well as numerous articles
  • directed peaceful march on Washington, D.C., of 250,000 people to whom he delivered his address, "l Have a Dream",
  • arrested twenty times and assaulted at least 4 times;
  • awarded five honorary degrees
  • named Man of the Year by Time magazine in 1963
  • became not only the symbolic leader of American blacks but also a world figure
  • At 35 the youngest man to have received the Nobel Peace Prize
  • On April 4, 1968, while standing on the balcony of his motel room in Memphis, Tennessee, where he was to lead a protest march in sympathy with striking garbage workers of that city, he was assassinated.

 

 
 Gov. Austin Peay
  • governor of Tennessee from 1923-1927
  • created the state department for the highway - Tennessee went from 244 miles of paved roads to over 4000 miles
  • reorganized government into 8 bureaus
  • purchased the Great Smoky Mountain Park from lumber companies
  • passed bill to guarantee 8 months of school

  • only governor to have died in office, on October 2, 1927

 Anne Dallas Dudley

  • wealthy Nashville woman
  • leaders in the movement to give women the right to vote
  • she led a march of 2,000 women from downtown Nashville to Centennial Park -- the first suffrage parade in the South, in May 1914
  •  in 1920, when Tennessee became the 36th state to ratify the amendment to the U. S. Constitution, giving women the right to vote.